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Oregon Digital
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flanked on the west by the Cascade Mountains and merging into the Palouse Hills on the east are common to both areas. In the middle Columbia Basin, however, the interior plateaus stand at higher elevations and are more sharply dissected, the...
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MIDDLE
COLUMBIA
THE DALLES
ANN. PREC. 15.92 IN.
PENDLETON
ANN. PREC. 14.22 IN.
Pendleton
BEND
ANN. PREC. 13.12 IN.
TEMP PRECIP.
Prairie City
PRINEVILLE
ANN. PREC. 8.92 IN.
PRAIRIE CITY
ANN. PREC. 14.92 IN....
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streams, from west to east; the Deschutes River, John Day River, Willow Creek, and Umatilla River, and canyons of their tributaries. The interstream areas, however, are extensive and relatively undissected. The best known section comprises the...
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MIDDLE COLUMBIA Mt. Adams Columbia Mt. Jefferson Three Sisters Bend Prineville House Heaven Plateau Walla Walla Pendelton Crooked River
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form only a small fraction of 1 percent of the flow of that mighty river. About 18 percent of the Walla Walla River Basin waters are now consumed by irrigation use, however, and this percentage may be increased to 28 percent by future...
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The slight precipitation received on the plateaus, the great depth to ground water, and the fact that streams with continuous flow throughout the summer lie in deep canyons have made the provision of adequate water supplies a major problem over...
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Rivers. These soils are dark colored, neutral to slightly acid in reactions, and fertile. They are intensively utilized for specialty farming, particularly the production of orchard fruits.
Small areas of alluvial soils are found along the...
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Image captions: Columbia River looking west toward The Dalles, Oreg.
Indians fishing for salmon at Celilo Falls on Columbia River.
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refuges, aggregating about 4,500 acres. The Columbia River National Wildlife Refuge was established to preserve a few of the many sandy islands and shore lands of the river which are used as nesting areas by Canada geese. Jointly, these refuges...
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Image captions: Wheat fields near Pendleton, Oreg.
Sheep at a ranch headquarters south of The Dalles, Oreg.
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Agriculture
Ten million acres of the middle Columbia Basin are in farm ownerships. This acreage approaches the amount of land in farms within central Washington and greatly exceeds that in all other subdivisions.
A considerable part of the...
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trenched Columbia some lands are irrigated, but this northern section is characterized particularly by extensive dry-land wheat farming on the broad interstream reaches of the plateaus.
The southern section includes the broken lands of the Blue...
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latter, principally in the vicinity of the towns of Milton-Freewater and Walla Walla, nearly 5,000 acres of fruit, chiefly prunes, apples, cherries, and grapes were harvested in 1939. The latter district, with 8,000 acres of asparagus, tomatoes,...
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size of farm units. Many fruit farms involve only a few acres of land, whereas wheat farms not uncommonly include a thousand or more acres. Eleven percent of the farms are under 10 acres, and 18 percent are over 1,000 acres. Notable concentration...
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SOURCE: FOREST SERVICE, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
FORESTS OF SAWTIMBER SIZE. FORESTS LESS THAN SAWTIMBER SIZE
RECENT AND NONRESTOCKED CUTOVERS DEFORESTED BURNS.
NONCOMMERCIAL FOREST
TOTAL SAWMILL CAPACITY IDLE
FOR INDIVIDUAL...
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around Bend, Oreg., depletion of timber supply is exceeding current and potential growth, indicating the necessity for a future reduction in the saw-log cut. The rate of cutting on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, located on the eastern slope...
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Recent years have seen expansion in other types of manufacturing. A new plant to manufacture alcohol and livestock feed from surplus wheat has been established at Heppner, Oreg., and a large manufacturer has recently announced plans for a biscuit...
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7,365, or 26 percent of the total service group, ranked first. Wholesale trade employed only 1,566 persons, or 5 percent. Transportation was of average significance; 2,822 persons, or 10 percent, were so engaged. A greater than average proportion...
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The Bonneville plant, which was constructed in conjunction with navigation developments, and Grand Coulee Dam in the central Washington subdivision are two of several major steps towards full use of the main stem of the Columbia. The Bonneville...
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KLICKITAT RES. SITE
GREENWOOD PROJ.
HORSE HEAVEN
(UMATILLA RAPIDS PROJ.) ROOSEVELT PROJ.
UNDERWOOD PROJ.
POWER SITE
COLD SPRINGS (UMATILLA RAPIDS PROJ.
STAGE GULCH RES. SITE
PENDLETON
PROJ.
HEPPNER RES. SITE
BUTTER CR....
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the Oregon shore extends from the foot of Fivemile Rapids (mile 191) to the head of Celilo Falls (mile 200). The canal has a depth of 8 feet, bottom width of 65 feet, and length of 8.5 miles and contains four locks. A channel improvement project...
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Installed capacity Power site (kilowatts)
The Dalles 658,000
John Day Rapids 480, 000
Arlington 400, 000
McNary Dam (Umatilla Rapids) 690, 000
Total 2, 228, 000
The potential installations above are based on an assumed flow of...
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Construction of two storage dams in the Milton-Freewater project would provide about 12,000 acres of land with supplemental water and 2,500 acres with full water supply. The Milton Reservoir on the Walla Walla River about 3 miles upstream from...
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Forty percent of its capacity has been contracted to the Westland district and 20.5 percent to the Stanfield district. The remainder is available to these or other projects on an acre-foot basis. The remaining irrigation supply is from natural...
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made. Flood-protection measures are largely unnecessary.
Irrigation.—Development of irrigation in the John Day Basin was started near Prairie City about 1860. Existing projects were reported to be capable of serving 47,814 acres in 1940, of...
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