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A Parshall flume is a common device for measuring open-channel flows. Some Parshall flumes, however, have been modified or constructed without a downstream diverging section. A Parshall flume that does not have its divergent section is known as a...
2013-06-01
This study examines the dangerous countercurrent that can form at the downstream face of a low-head dam for certain flow conditions, utilizing computational fluid dynamics software and laboratory observations. The objective of this project was to...
2013-06-01
Even though many water utilities in the United States perform some form of water meter testing, little has been published concerning utility meter accuracy-testing procedures. Although AWWA's Manual M6, Water Meters - Selection, Installation,...
2013-11-01
In the arid Western United States, water is among the most valuable resources. Typically, to successfully and accurately measure a flow rate using most types of flow meters, it is recommended that a straight section of pipe be installed...
2012-11-01
Many factors can influence the accuracy of water meters, including age, throughput, water quality, and the presence of particulates in the metered water. These factors can affect various types of meters quite differently depending on the meter's...
2012-04-01
The writers appreciate the additional information on emergency stop-log deployment provided in the discussion by researchers from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The studies noted were not found during the course of the research, and their...
2012-01-01
Fixed-cone valves (FCVs) are practical devices used to regulate flow at dams having medium to high heads. These valves are designed to safely reduce the flow energy by redirecting the pipe flow into a free-discharging conical jet and, under...
2012-02-01
The relation between the Reynolds number and differential producer discharge coefficient was obtained through solutions to the steady, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. Discharge coefficients were also obtained experimentally for the...
2011-09-01
Emergencies resulting in uncontrolled flow through spillway gates often lead to millions of dollars lost to repairs, lack of dam productivity, property damages, and risks to public health and safety. A considerable need exists for reliable...
2011-01-01
A study conducted by the Utah Water Research Laboratory assessed the accuracies of a wide variety of flow measurement devices currently in service. During the study, a wide variety of flow measurement devices, including flumes, weirs, and rated...
2011-06-01
While there has been a great deal of research in air entrainment at hydraulic jumps within closed conduits, limited research has specifically addressed size-scale effects. To determine the significance of these effects in closed conduits, air flow...
2011-02-10
Although meter accuracy has been addressed in the past as a potential cause of apparent water loss, the lack of significant data on meter accuracy at low flows has caused losses at these flow rates to be largely ignored. This article provides...
2010-05-01
Physical hydraulic scale models are valuable tools for engineers to use when solving complex hydraulic problems. Several manuals exist to aid engineers in appropriately modelling a hydraulic structure; however, information on modelling hydraulic...
2010-05-07
Benefits of metering. In order for a secondary water system to justify metering, the benefits associated with metering must outweigh the costs of implementation. One of the greatest benefits of metering is the ability to manage water supplies....
2009-06-01
Cavitation is the rapid vaporization and condensation of a liquid and was a focus of study for years because of its negative impacts on hydraulic systems including noise, vibration, erosion damage, pressure fluctuations, and loss of efficiency....
2008-12-01
This study was conducted to quantify the effects of uncertainty on residential water meter registry testing and to demonstrate how to calculate registry uncertainty. All measurements have random and systematic errors, and understanding those...
2016-09-01
A study was conducted to identify methods of achieving uniform flow distribution in compact irrigation splitter boxes over a wide range of flows but specifically operating at high flow rates. The hydraulic issues resulting from high flow rates in...
2016-10-26
The accurate measurement of potable water by metering is a viable approach to conserving water resources and encouraging responsible water use. When utilities meter water and water consumers become accountable for their water use, consumers...
2011-09-01
Previous studies have identified water meter inaccuracy at low flow rates as a significant source of nonrevenue flow for water systems; however, a lack of available data makes it difficult to include low-flow accuracy and accuracy degradation in...
2012-04-01
The diel (24-h) oxygen (O2) curves approach has become a popular method for analyzing gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) rates in aquatic systems. Despite the simplicity of this approach, there remain aspects of the...
2017-02-02
Food-web effects of winterkill are difficult to predict as the enhanced mortality of planktivorous fish may be counterbalanced by an even higher mortality of piscivores. We hypothesised that a winterkill in a clear and a turbid shallow lake would...
2015-05-01
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